A manager wishes to replace the current manual system with a computerized one. Describe three areas that must be evaluated to justify the replacement  (6 marks)

• Technical feasibility

• Does the current technology suffice

• Economic feasibility

• Benefits outweigh costs/ whether the project is cost effective

• Schedule feasibility

• Can it be done within the schedule

Headache, back and neck pain may result from the use of computers. State how each of them can be minimized (2mks)

• Proper lighting
• Regular breaks
• Use of antiglare
• Correct position of the screen
• Ergonomic furniture

Students of a school intended to elect their school Captain by secret ballot.  State three ways in which computers can be used to improve the election process                           (3mks)

• Registrations of voters
• Voter identification
• Actual voting
• Tallying

(a) Phishing

• Phishing is a strategy that encourages a computer user to part with sensitive information such as bank details hence the term ‘phishing’ – i.e. fishing – trying to catch someone out. For example, a perpetrator sends a user an email that appears to be genuine, for example, pretending to be a bank or a lawyer requesting that the user verify bank account details or send money to assist in the completing of a legal case.

(b) DoS

• DoS is a means of attack on a specific user/system/website which involves overloading a target with too much network traffic resulting in system slowdown, shutdown or a violation of security.

Utility Software

Interviews

Advantages

• can gather specific information and additional information
• high response rate to questions
• The question can be rephrased to seek more clarification
• it is possible to win the confidence of the interviewee and get honest answers

Disadvantages

• time consuming
• responses to interview questions are subjective.
• the interviewee may not open up on some sensitive issues
•  

Questionnaire

Advantages

• easy to administer
• can be anonymous.

Disadvantages

• fixed (inflexible) design
• potential differences in understanding and interpretation.

Answer question 16 and any other three questions from this section in the spaces provided.

16. a) With the aid of a flow chart, describe a loop control structure as used in programming. [4]  

A control structure that allows statement(s) to be repeatedly executed until a certain condition is met                                                                                                      2mks

NB. Accept any other looping construct

download speed :
– speed at which information/data is transferred FROM server/Internet
– speed at which information/data is transferred TO the user’s computer
upload speed :
– speed at which information/data is transferred FROM user’s computer
– speed at which information/data is transferred TO the Internet/server

State the function of each of the following keys on the computer keyboard :  (2mks)

Backspace;

• Deletes characters to the left of the cursor

Insert

• Add characters at the cursor position
• Toggles between overtype and insert modes

An organization intends to replace an existing system by carrying out the process in stages .

Name the implementation strategy ;  (1mk)

• Phased change-over

Give two reasons why the  organization is opting to use the implementation strategy  in (a) above     (2mks)

• Gives employees time to learn
• Organizations can revert to the old system in case of failure
• Reduces resistance by the employees
• It is easier to find system errors as you are dealing with only one part at a time
• Accessing parts of the old system is still is possible in case of failure of the new system

A manager wishes to replace the current manual system with a computerized one. Describe three areas that must be evaluated to justify the replacement  (6 marks)

• Technical feasibility

• Does the current technology suffice

• Economic feasibility

• Benefits outweigh costs/ whether the project is cost effective

• Schedule feasibility

• Can it be done within the schedule

Headache, back and neck pain may result from the use of computers. State how each of them can be minimized                               (2mks)

• Proper lighting
• Regular breaks
• Use of antiglare
• Correct position of the screen
• Ergonomic furniture

Students of a school intended to elect their school Captain by secret ballot.  State three ways in which computers can be used to improve the election process                          (3mks)

• Registrations of voters
• Voter identification
• Actual voting
• Tallying

Explain why intranet is a more secure way to share files within an organization compared to internet (2mks)

• Intranet involves the interconnection of computers  within  the organization hence it is easier to monitor the access and sharing of files since the users in an organization can be assigned accounts and passwords which will enable to access files they are authorized to access unlike the internet where many can access what is stored in the organization’s website

List two career opportunities directly associated with computer networking               (2mks)

• Network administrators
• Network engineers
• Network technicians

Distinguish between a formula and a function as used in spreadsheets

• A formula is a mathematical expression that returns a value
• A function is an excel inbuilt formula that returns a value given a range of values or arguments

 The C directory of a computer has folders named Form 1, Form 2, Form 3 and Form 4. Each class has students’ folder named according to their admission number.  The student created their own folder for subjects they are studying based on the table below:

RFID stands for radio frequency identification. There is an RFID reader and tag.RFID is used in contactless credit and debit cards as well as in some hotel room cards. Inside an RFID tag is a chip that contains a small amount of memory. The chip is attached to a coil of wire which acts as an antenna. When an RFID tag is scanned, the reader emits radio waves which are picked up by the tag’s antenna. The power induced in the tag’s antenna from these waves is enough to power the chip which then uses its antenna to emit its own radio wave, which contains the information held on the chip. This wave is picked up by the reader which decodes the information and returns the information to a computer.

(a) Identifying technologies that may be used in a proposed system

• System Analysis/Information gathering/Problem recognition

(b) Identifying the shortcomings of the old system

• Problem definition

(c) Prepares the software migration plan

• Implementation stage

• (Cache) Stores regularly accessed instructions/data
• Reduces the need to access instructions/data from the main memory
•  Makes up for the difference in speed of the CPU and main memory

2.1.1 Explain the concept of open source in the context of FOSS. (2)

• Is a software whose source available and user can modify and redistribute

Give ONE example of a free operating system the company could install on a laptop. (1)

• Linux
• FreeBSD
• ReactOS
• Android
• ChromeOS
• OpenSolaris

2.1.3 State TWO disadvantages of using free open-source software.

• Lack of support
• Security risks
• Compatibility issues
• Hidden costs

• Portable
• Light
• Faster access speed
• No moving parts
• Efficient power consumption
• Durable
• Small physical size
• Large storage capacity

• TCP/IP

• All the characters and symbols that can be represented by a computer system.
• Each character and symbol is assigned a unique value.

(b) One disadvantage of using the Unicode character set, instead of the ASCII character set, is

that the text stored takes up more storage space

• Each character is encoded using more bits

• Distributed data processing is where computers located in physically separate location transmit data after processing to a server computer that updates the master file. Time-sharing on the other hand is where various terminals transmit data to be processed by a central computer's CPU. Each terminal's tasks are allocated a time slice of the CPU

• more accurate/improved stock control/recording system/automatic
• reordering/automatic updating of stock file
• less staff/wages needed
• sales statistics now available
• faster throughput
• itemised receipt
• records every transaction
• records staff work rates
• less pilfering by staff/easier to identify pilfering
• less errors
• faster calculations
• links to EFTPOS

• Making prosthetic limbs for patients
• Making items which allow precise reconstructive surgery
• Making light-weight plane wings
• Making sculptures

• It is a program written in a high level langauage

Legend

• Legends are a small visual representation of the chart's data series to understand each without confusion.

A data series

• is a row or column of numbers that are entered in a worksheet and plotted in your chart, such as a list of quarterly business profits
• A group of related data points or markers that are plotted in charts and graphs

Data Marker

• A symbol on the chart that represents a single value in the worksheet.
• A column, dot, pie slice, or another symbol in the chart that represents a data value