What is a computer system ?
A computer system refers to computer components that collectively function as a single unit to achieve the desired goal. It can also be defined as a collection of hardware, software, and liveware that work together to receive, process, and manage data
State the advantages and Disadvantages of GUI
Advantages
Disadvantages
The introduction of a new system involves evaluation and maintenance once the system is
implemented.
Describe the evaluation and maintenance stage of the systems development life cycle (SDLC)
and provide one example of an activity undertaken in this stage.
Define Data Security
Explain why a developer, who is good at both low-level and high-level programming, would normally use high-level languages when writing programs [4 marks]
State two places where robots are used.
Describe the difference between distributed and sequential processing on how they process instructions
Name two other input/output devices used at the POS terminal apart from keyboard and barcode reader and give a use for each device.
device: beeper/loud speaker
use: to indicate barcode correctly read/error in reading barcode
device: (LCD) screen/monitor
use: to show prices and other information about goods
device: touch screen
use: to show prices and other information about goods/to select items that need to be
weighed/identified
device: weighing machine
use: to find weight of loose items (e.g. fruit) to enable pricing
device: (magnetic) card reader/CHIP and PIN reader
use: to read customer’s debit/credit card/enable customer to pay for goods using a
credit or debit card
device: printer
use: to print receipts
Identify and describe four roles of the operating system when managing the resources of a personal computer.
Manages memory (RAM)
Ensures programs/data do not corrupt each other: Ensures all programs and data including itself is stored in correct memory locations
Manages processes: Ensures different processes can utilise the CPU and do not interfere with each other or crash •
Allows a user to run programs : On a multi-tasking O/S ensure that all tasks appear to run simultaneously
State examples of wireless transmission media
A computer laboratory experiences power supply problems. Describe three power related problems that should be addressed
Blackout: This is unexpected discontinuation of power supply in the laboratory.
Power sag: Sudden drop of voltage levels that lasts less than a second.
Transients/ surge: High voltage flowing.
Brownout: Partial blackout where there's low voltage flow.
Define the following terms as used in the internet
HTTPS/HTTP: this is a protocol that is used to send data to web pages across the Internet
Uniform Resource Locator (URL): a text-based version of a web address
Internet Service provider /ISP - his is the company that provides a user with a connection to the Internet
browser - Software/application that allows users to view web pages / render HTML -
cookie - a text file (stored by a web browser) that contains data about a user’s browsing habits/details/preferences
There are four change-over methods used in the implementation stage of the system development life cycle (SDLC): direct change-over, phased, parallel and pilot.
Direct Change-Over
Phased
State and explain characteristics of an algorithm
Input : An algorithm can take 0 or more inputs well defined outputs
Finiteness: an algorithm must terminate in finite time and after finite number of steps.
Definiteness : an algorithm must be clear and unambiguous. Each and every step of an algorithm must be clear and precise and it must have only one meaning
Feasibility: should be feasible with the available resources
Output : must produce at least one well defined output
Independent : should have a step-by-step directions which is independent of any programming language
Correctness: should solve the problem it is designed to solve
Efficiency: must take the shortest time possible to run and should require the least memory space. It should use a minimum number of computation steps and memory to produce the desired output. takes little time and memory to run
Generality: should not be limited to a specific case. It should work for all the valid inputs. works for many possible inputs
Effectiveness : should statements that are relevant to the problem. Every step must be basic and essential.
State the function of a router in a network
Social engineering is where someone is tricked or manipulated into providing secure information or access to a secure system. Describe each of the following social engineering techniques.
Blagging
Phishing
Shouldering
Interfaces enable computer users to interact with the operating system. State three advantages of using a graphical user interface (GUI) for loading programs and files.
What is a defragmentation software
Give a reason why microwaves are commonly used for point-to-point communication
Maranda Mock CRE Paper 2 2024
c) Six ways in which Christians can assist the physically challenged members of the society (6mks)
Establishing special institutions for them
Donating equipment, which assists them in their movement.
Giving them vocational training
Assisting them in their daily chores
Accepting them as human beings like themselves
Helping them to develop their talents e.g. games, music, drama etc.
Identifying their abilities and giving them employment.
Encouraging relatives to live with them.
Giving them financial assistance to start income generating projects
a) The parable of the shrewd manager in Luke 16:1-33. (7mks)
There was a rich man who had a steward. He received charges that the steward was wasting his goods.
He called him what he was hearing about him. He told him to turn in account of his stewardship for he could no longer be steward.
The steward asked himself what he would do since his master was taking the stewardship away from him.
He was not strong enough to dig and was ashamed to beg.
He decided what to do so that people may receive him into their house when he is out of the stewardship
He was to summon his masters’ debtors one by one. He went to the first one and asked him how much he owned his master. The debtor said a hundred measures of oil, which he was told to write fifty.
He asked another how much he owned his master. He said a hundred measures of wheat he was told to write eighty
The master commended the dishonest steward for his shrewdness for the sons of his world are shrewder in dealing with their own generation that the ones light.
Seven causes of conflict between Jesus and the Jewish leader in Jerusalem. (7mks)
They questioned the authority Jesus was using to teach Lk 20:1-8.
Jesus accused them of persecuting and rejecting Gods servants in the parable of tenants. Lk 20:9-18.
They had conflict on the issue of whether to pay taxes to cease or not. Lk 20:19-26
The question on resurrection by the Sadducees on Levites marriage. Lk 20:27-39
He claimed to be the messiah and said that even David called Him Lord in the book of Psalms Lk 20:4-44
Jesus openly condemned the hypocrisy of the Jewish leader Lk 20:45-47
Jesus prophesied the destruction of temple of Jerusalem
He condemned the offerings of the rich Jewish leaders, which were meant to show off, but praised the widows’ offerings, which was made out of self-sacrifice Lk 21:1.
Six ways in which parents can resolve misunderstanding with their children. (6mks)
Allowing dialogue
Listening to their views
Presenting them with the correct, picture of the situation
Setting a good example to them
Giving them appropriate time for leisure activities
Seeking help from church leaders
Guiding them on how to choose friends
Advising them on the right moral values
Praying for and with them to bring about understanding
Committing the children to God’s will
Discussing the problem with their friends and relatives
a) Seven reasons why Jesus sent the Holy Spirit to the disciples after his ascension. (7mks)
The holy spirit would comfort the disciples
He was to counsel the disciples
He would guide the disciples on what is right / God’s righteousness
He was to convict people of their sins
He was to show disciples on what is right
He was to reveal the future / enable the disciples to prophet’s / God’s will
He would glorify Jesus through the work of the disciples
He would enable the disciples to witness Christ throughout the world
He would replace the physical presence of Jesus
He would empower the disciples to be able to speak with courage
b)How the unity of believers is expressed in the body of Christ? (8mks)
St Paul describes the believers as the body of Christ
Christ is the head of the church
The believers form parts of the body
The body has different organs, in the same way the church has different members
They all need to work together for the well-being of the church
Every part of the body is needed to make it whole/ all parts interdependent / one part cannot be without the other
The different church members are given different spiritual gifts by the holy spirit to carry out God’s work
Believers are united through baptism in the Holy Spirit.
c)The church in Kenya help to bring about the unity in the country. (6mks)
Assisting the government is developing a curriculum schools that teaches about patriotism
Advocating for peaceful co-existence among Kenyans
Fighting corruption, discrimination, tribalism, nepotism and all forms of favourism
Acting as a voice of reason among the ruling political class demanding their unity as a government
Assisting the less fortunate in the society thus fighting disparity
Condemning and reporting to the relevant authorized groups that bring disharmony in the society
Developing joint rallies, prayers and reconciliatory meetings together.
Forgiving one another to avoid disunity
Obeying church rules/ leaders
Chastity is a virtue
a) Attitude of Christian towards human sexuality. (7mks)
Sex is sacred
Man and woman are for companionship
Both man and woman are equal before God
It is for procreation
Man and woman are complementary
Man and woman were created in the image of God
They became one in marriage
Human beings have the ability to control sexual desire
All forms of irresponsible sex are condemned
Chastity is a virtue
b)Six ways in which sex is abused in Kenya today. (6mks)
Sex before marriage / fornication/ pre-marital sex
Sex outside marriage / adultery
Prostitution
Bestiality
Homosexuality/ lesbianism/ sodomy/oral sex
Pornographic literature/mass media using of technological devices in sex
Incest
Masturbation
Rape /defilement of minors
c)Why are minors sexually abused in Kenya today? (7mks)
Permissiveness
Lack of self-control
Influence of the mass media
Mental illness / stress/ drug and substance influence
Erosion of the African culture moral value
False religious / devil worship /strange cults
To avenge for oneself
Breakdown of religious values
Irresponsible parenthood
Indecent dressing
Leniency of the law
Idleness
Poverty / unemployment
6 a) Six practices in the African Society that promoted law, order and justice? (6mks)
Cultural taboos/dos and don’ts in the society
Kinship ties had rules which governed their relationships
Oaths – swearing while making agreements.
Rites of passage e.g. during initiation, the youth were taught laws/secrets of society.
Practice of rituals in the society promoted good relationships between the living/living dead.
Communal life i.e. “I am because we are, and since we are therefore Iamb.”
Inheritance of property was done fairly which brought justice /order.
Worship of God/veneration of ancestors created orderliness
b). Seven reasons for the need of law, order and justice in the society. (7mks)
In order to safeguard peoples personal rights.
To ensure security and protection of the people and their property.
To promote peace and harmony
To attract both local and foreign investment in the country
To promote peaceful relationship between countries.
To safeguard freedom of the citizens
To control and check the powers of those in authority
To enable the gov’t to implement its taxation policies effectively and to use the money
collected for the good of the community
To enable Christians worship God in peace and freely spread the good news.
c) Explain the factors which hinder effective maintenance of law and order in the (7 marks)
Increase in the rate of crime especially in urban areas
Political instability e.g. Post election violence
Greed for power and wealth
Political selfishness leading to dictatorship and despotism
High rate of unemployment leading to idleness / crime
Corruption especially by custodians of the law e.g. police.
Hypocrisy i.e. leaders misleading the society
High level of poverty forcing others into crime