Outline a factor that can influence the performance of a network.
When a new student is enrolled, a new record is added to the file immediately. The examination grades of all students are updated twice a year. Discuss the processing implications of these two requirements.
Enrolment:
- Data input on line
- Individual records validated
- Speed mismatch implications
- Indexes updated immediately
Exam grades:
- Data input twice
- Off line
- Run as a batch
- At otherwise downtime
With the aid of an example, explain the term multilevel list as used in word processing
1. Chapter 1
1.1. Introduction
1.1.1.Definition of terms
How many hard disks are required to implement RAID 10?
Journalists are issued with laptops when they start working at a magazine publishing company. The company only uses free open-source software (FOSS).
The laptops are equipped with either an HDD or an SSD.
The journalists can access their data remotely using virtualisation or Software
as a Service (SaaS).
2.3.1 Define the term virtualisation. (1)
2.3.2 Office365 is an example of SaaS.
(a) Except for remote data access, state TWO benefits of using
SaaS. (2)
(b) Describe how the license model of SaaS works. (2)
2.1.1 Explain the concept of open source in the context of FOSS. (2)
Give ONE example of a free operating system the company could install on a laptop. (1)
2.1.3 State TWO disadvantages of using free open-source software.
Explain why smoke and dust particles are harmful to a computer
Overheating: Smoke and dust particles can accumulate inside the computer's casing, blocking airflow and hindering the cooling mechanisms of the computer. This can lead to overheating of the internal components, such as the CPU and graphics card. Overheating can cause system instability, performance degradation, and even permanent damage to the hardware.
Component Malfunction: Smoke and dust particles can settle on electronic components, such as the motherboard, memory modules, and connectors. Over time, this accumulation can create a layer of debris, leading to poor electrical contact and interference with signal transmission. This can result in component malfunctions, intermittent failures, or even complete hardware failure.
Short Circuits: If smoke or dust particles contain conductive materials, such as metal flakes or moisture, they can create a risk of short circuits. When conductive particles come into contact with exposed circuits or connectors, they can cause a direct electrical connection between two points that are not intended to be connected. Short circuits can damage components, disrupt data transmission, and even pose a fire hazard.
Increased Maintenance Requirements: Smoke and dust particles can increase the frequency and complexity of computer maintenance. Accumulated dust can clog cooling fans, causing them to work less effectively or even fail. Additionally, smoke particles can leave behind sticky residues that further attract dust, making the cleaning process more challenging.
Reduced Performance and Reliability: As smoke and dust particles accumulate within the computer, they can restrict the movement of mechanical components, such as fans or disk drives, affecting their performance and reliability. Dust particles can also hinder the reading and writing capabilities of optical drives or cause errors in data transmission.
Identify the type of software used to compress files.
Utility Software
She lost all her photographs when her computer crashed.
(i) What is meant by the term crashed?
(ii) How could she have avoided losing all her photographs?
A protocol is used to securely transmit the data for the website to the browser.
(i) State the name of this protocol.
(ii) Identify how this protocol changes the data to transmit the data securely.
(i) State the name of this protocol. HTTPS
(ii) Identify how this protocol changes the data to transmit the data securely.
State one advantage and one disadvantage for customers of using the Internet for shopping.
Advantages
Disadvantages
What is an Operating System?
Differentiate between uploading and downloading a file
Uploading a file refers to the process of transferring a file from a local computer to a remote webserver while downloading a file refers to the process of transferring or copying a file from a remote webserver to a local machine
A computer laboratory experiences power supply problems. Describe three power related problems that should be addressed
Blackout: This is unexpected discontinuation of power supply in the laboratory.
Power sag: Sudden drop of voltage levels that lasts less than a second.
Transients/ surge: High voltage flowing.
Brownout: Partial blackout where there's low voltage flow.
Explain a reason necessitating governments to enact data protection laws
Give one reason why a phased implementation would be the best approach to follow in this case.
For your item named in (a) describe two different tasks that the microprocessor performs.
State the areas where infra-red radio waves are used KCSE 2018
Differentiate between action query and select query
An action query is used to modify, add, or delete data in a database whereas a select query is used to retrieve data from a database based on specified criteria but does not make any changes to the data.
Explain what is meant by a LIFO data structure.